LONDON — Labour's Andy Burnham, the current mayor of Greater Manchester, has won a special election for a seat in Parliament that puts him in a position to challenge embattled Prime Minister Keir Starmer for leadership of the country.
Burnham decisively won the seat of Makerfield in northwest England over Rob Kenyon of the anti-immigration party Reform UK.
The victory announced early Friday cements the status of Burnham, a 56-year-old politician nicknamed the King of the North, as the top contender to replace Starmer as leader of the Labour Party and the country. Burnham won almost 55% of the 45,510 votes counted, over 9,000 more than Kenyon.
Burnham's victory speech left no doubt that he wants to lead the country, and not just be one of the more than 400 Labour lawmakers in the 650-seat House of Commons.
"Everyone knows that politics isn't working," he said. "Everyone can feel that the country isn't where it should be. Tonight could, just could, be the turning point."
Starmer, who has previously maintained he will fight any leadership challenge, took to social media to congratulate Burnham. "Voters chose Labour's campaign of hope and optimism over division and hate," the prime minister wrote on X.
Burnham has led Manchester since 2017, overseeing rapid regeneration for the city where the Industrial Revolution was forged. He is pledging to repeat his signature brand of "Manchesterism" on a national scale.
Burnham said he would work to ensure that "the name Makerfield is forever synonymous with bringing about the change this country needs."
He said Labour had "a final chance to change" and win back voters' trust.
"But it is a chance now, from this result tonight, to build a new politics based on unity and hope, turning away from the path that takes us to a divided, dark politics of the kind we see in the United States," he said.
Labour is in power but unpopular
Starmer's popularity has cratered since he led the center-left Labour Party to a landslide election victory in July 2024.
He has struggled to deliver promised economic growth, repair tattered public services and ease the cost of living, and been hamstrung by repeated missteps, including his decision to appoint Peter Mandelson, a scandal-tarnished friend of Jeffrey Epstein, as the U.K. ambassador to the United States.
Labour is losing liberal voters to the growing Green Party, and facing a rising Reform UK, which consistently leads in nationwide opinion polls. The Nigel Farage -led party has rapidly gained ground in post-industrial northern England areas like Makerfield, some 200 miles (320 kilometers) northwest of London.
A dismal performance by Labour in May's local elections spurred scores of lawmakers to demand Starmer's resignation. He has refused to budge, but senior colleagues are trying to force a change.
Wes Streeting resigned as health secretary in May, saying that "where we need vision, we have a vacuum." Streeting has said he will run in a leadership contest if there is one.
Then Josh Simons, the Labour lawmaker for Makerfield, stepped down to trigger a special election and give Burnham the chance to return to Parliament.
Britain's parliamentary system allows governing parties to change leaders midterm, with the winner becoming prime minister without the need for a national election. Under Labour rules, a lawmaker can challenge the leader if they have backing from a fifth of the party's House of Commons lawmakers — a number that stands at 81.
The victorious Burnham will head to London to be sworn in as a lawmaker as soon as Monday. He's likely to seek a meeting with Starmer to argue that the prime minister should exit gracefully and set a timetable for his departure.
Culture Secretary Lisa Nandy said Burnham and Starmer would in the next few days have to "have a conversation about what comes next."
Labour lawmaker Louise Haigh, a Burnham ally, said Starmer should "do what's best for both the country and the Labour Party" and "consider an orderly and managed transition."
"Andy won't be doing anything rash or hasty," she told Sky News. "I'm really hopeful the prime minister and Andy can come to an agreement."
Burnham's victory piles pressure on Starmer to quit
Starmer has so far insisted he has no intention of leaving his post.
"I will fight if there's a challenge," he said at the G7 summit in France this week. "We won a significant general election result in 2024, with a mandate to bring about change. I'm not going to walk away from that."
Starmer suggested that he could offer Burnham a Cabinet post, telling Sky News on Wednesday that "I want him to have a big role in government." Allies of Burnham indicated that he wasn't interested.
Despite his stubborn determination, Starmer could be forced out if several members of the Cabinet tell him the game is up and quit, or threaten to quit, in protest.
There could then be a leadership contest, or a coronation, depending on whether other potential candidates think Burnham has an unassailable lead.
Rob Ford, professor of political science at the University of Manchester, said "the pressure on Starmer will be very hard to resist" now that Burnham is back in Parliament.
Ford said defeating Reform UK in Makerfield strengthens Burnham's claim to be Labour's biggest asset.
"The narrative he can bring is, 'No one else could have won that seat. I won that. I bring something unique. I bring an ability to renew our appeal," Ford said.
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